Showing posts with label University of Florida. Show all posts
Showing posts with label University of Florida. Show all posts

Thursday, December 1, 2011

Permafrost Estimates Increase Its Potential Contribution To Climate Change Theory

Melting permafrost makes the ground cave in, creating a ribbon or pocket of collapsed land called thermokarst. Scientists at Toolik are studying this to see how often they find it and what impacts it has on surrounding environments. Image Credit: trendsupdates.com

Permafrost Estimates Increase Its Potential Contribution To Climate Change Theory

All climate change attributed to the concept that "greenhouse gasses" are the main change agent may not be associated with actual human activity at all. A major contributor to Carbon and Methane gas released in our atmosphere may actually come from Earth's natural processes as the Earth goes through its cycles of hot and cold aided by the activity of our solar system's Sun.

What the release of this information does not do, as nearly all Global Warming articles that put forward the conclusion that Human Activity is the primary reason for Earth's climate of change, is point out that the math, most of the climate change projection in time models are based upon, is a fraud that was exposed in November 2009 with the unauthorized release of emails from the University of East Anglia in Great Britain. That the theory, Anthropomorphic Global Warming (AGW) is just an effort fueled by the money from Governments and Institutions (in the form of grants) that get there power to do things by proving AGW actually exists.

Take for example this article from the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner. As it is written, it stands as a cheer-leading news piece without the balance of stating that all AGW/Climate Change studies are based upon a theory ... not a fact. The article referenced below has inclusions that help to bring balance to the article with "[called-out inclusions]".

This excerpted and edited from the Fairbanks Daily News-Miner -

New estimate boosts permafrost contribution to climate change

by Jeff Richardson / jrichardson@newsminer.com

A survey of 41 [grant-paid] scientists — including seven University of Alaska Fairbanks researchers — estimates the amount of carbon released from thawing permafrost by 2100 will be 1.7 to 5.2 times larger than previously estimated.

Their conclusions, reported Wednesday in the scientific journal Nature, describe permafrost thawing as a likely accelerator of
[the unproven concept on] global warming.
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In most soils such material is typically in the top several feet, but in frozen soils those carbon-filled sediments can be much deeper.


Because of that, the estimated amount of carbon stored in northern soils has tripled in recent years, to roughly 1,700 billion tons. That’s four times more than all the carbon emitted by human activity since the Industrial Revolution and twice as much as is currently present in the atmosphere.


“Soils in the north are cold,” said Ben Abbott, a UAF doctoral student at the Institute of Arctic Biology and co-author of the Nature article. “It’s like a big refrigerator, and all that material is just stored.”


With that much carbon-filled material present, a small change in the estimated amount released could make a notable difference in climate change projections. Most scientists
[an untrue assumption] believe gases such as carbon dioxide and methane, both of which are released by warming permafrost, contribute to global warming [an unproven concept].

But researchers studying northern areas with permafrost have admittedly sparse data
[not enough for true conclusions], said Ted Schuur, a University of Florida professor who co-authored the article. Because of that, he said, numerous members of the Permafrost Carbon Research Network were surveyed to collect a larger picture, combining scientific data with their predictions. A National Science Foundation grant paid for the work [as in, follow the money].

“We don’t know exactly what’s going to happen, but these are probably the best people to ask [a collection of people who get paid to come up with these conclusions],” Schuur said.
----

Ben Abbott, the UAF doctoral student at the Institute of Arctic Biology and co-author of the Nature article mentioned above said he and other researchers have more work ahead to test their hypotheses
[again, not factual conclusions] through field research. He’s spent recent summers at Toolik Field Station, a research center north of the Brooks Range, and said he’s looking forward to another season of testing soil cores and water samples for gas emissions [no mention that the most abundant greenhouse gas that exists on Earth is Water Vapor].

Other UAF researchers who participated in the survey included Terry Chapin, IAB professor emeritus; Guido Grosse, research assistant professor at the Geophysical Institute; Dave McGuire, professor of ecology; Chien-Lu Ping, natural resources professor; Vladimir Romanovsky, Geophysical Institute professor; and Katey Walter Anthony, research assistant professor with the International Arctic Research Center.

[Reference Here]

Biggest Take-Away: "The estimated amount of carbon stored in northern soils has tripled to roughly 1,700 billion tons. That’s four times more than all the carbon emitted by human activity since the Industrial Revolution and twice as much as is currently present in the atmosphere."

What this information proves is that "greenhouse gasses" and their regulation may do nothing to curb the changes in a system of changing climate found here on this Oblate Spheroid.

Live cleanly? ... Yes!

Live under the cloud of regulation based on the grant-fueled, unproven theory that Human Activity and its control can effect climate here on Earth? ... No!

Lest one wants to put forward the additional theory that Man, and his activity, are the small rock that has turned into this larger problematic snowball, check out this article that was written before the discovery of the FRAUD that became "Climategate" in November 2009, by the National Geographic about Polar Ice Caps!


<first seen as Permafrost Estimates Increase Its Potential Contribution To Climate Change Theory at Technorati and Politisite>

Sunday, August 31, 2008

Urban Sprawl Grid Discovered In Xingu Amazonia

Newly discovered traces of ancient roads, bridges and plazas in Brazil's tropical forest may help dispel the once-popular impression of an 'untouched' Amazon before the Europeans' arrival. In southern Brazil, archeologists have found the remains of a NETWORK or urban communities that apparently hosted a population many thousands strong. Reporting their findings in the journal SCIENCE, published by AAAS, the science society, the researchers say the people who dwelled there dramatically changed their local landscape.' /// Michael Heckenberger of the University of Florida and his colleagues were 'baffled' at the discovery. 'There was this cherished image that the Amazon was pure nature...archeologists are compelled to revise their views of ancient Brazil. Image Credit: Michael Heckenberger & Jim Bailey – Science (September 18, 2003)

Urban Sprawl Grid Discovered In Xingu Amazonia

Deep in the heart of the Amazon forest, evidence of an extensive network roads, plazas, and infrastructure that suggests vast human activity has been discovered in a area once thought to be only virgin rain forest.

Image Credit: BBC NEWS

Due to the overgrowth of the forest, it is estimated that the peoples who designed and populated the region may have been wiped out with the introduction of European born diseases introduced to Brazil when Explorers from Europe fist set foot in the Americas.

The research that has been conducted over the course of the past decade, was aided with the use of satellite imagery and GPS to discover the extent of the urban sprawl associated with the network of past human development and activity.

The researchers found evidence of 28 prehistoric residential sites. Initial colonization began about 1,500 years ago, and the villages they studied were dated to between 750 and 450 years ago. The local population declined sharply after Europeans arrived. /// Villages were distinguished by surrounding ditches, with berms on the inside made from material dug from the ditch and topped with a wooden palisade wall, Heckenberger reported. Image Credit: BBC NEWS

This excerpted end edited from the BBC -

'Lost towns' discovered in Amazon
A remote area of the Amazon river basin was once home to densely populated towns, Science journal reports.
Story from BBC NEWS - Published: 2008/08/28 21:37:07 GMT

The Upper Xingu, in west Brazil, was once thought to be virgin forest, but in fact shows traces of extensive human activity.

Researchers found evidence of a grid-like pattern of settlements connected by road networks and arranged around large central plazas.

Roads and canals connected walled cities and villages. The communities were laid out around central plazas. Nearby, smaller settlements focused on agriculture and fish farming. Pictured is evidence of dams used to funnel fish into holding ponds. Image Credit: BBC NEWS

There are signs of [field] farming, wetland management, and possibly fish farms.
----
The ancient urban communities date back to before the first Europeans set foot in the Upper Xingu region of the Brazilian Amazon in the 15th Century.

Urban planning

Professor Mike Heckenberger, from the University of Florida, in Gainesville, said: "These are not cities, but this is urbanism, built around towns."
----
The tell-tale traces included "dark earth" that indicated past human waste dumps or farming, and concentrations of pottery shards and earthworks.
----
The communities consisted of clusters of 60-hectare (150-acre) towns and smaller villages spread out over the rainforest.

Road network

Like medieval European and ancient Greek towns, those forming the Amazonian urban landscape were surrounded by large walls. These were composed of earthworks, the remains of which have survived.

Each community had an identical road, always pointing north-east to south-west, which are connected to a central plaza.

The roads were always oriented this way in keeping with the mid-year summer solstice.

Evidence was found of dams and artificial ponds - thought to have been used for fish farming - as well as open areas and large compost heaps.
Reference Here>>

The more we learn about this Oblate Spheroid we populate, the more we become amazed at the depth assumption plays in our approach to understanding, and the more, through discovery, we begin to understand the depth of what we do not know here in the 21st Century.